The need for electrical devices and tools for all kinds of wires is undeniable. All electrical engineers have heard the term “high voltage industrial cable”. But what is medium voltage transmission cable? Where is it used and what are its special functions? Read on for the answer!
What is medium voltage cable (MV Cable)?
In electrical engineering, medium voltage cables are cables with a nominal voltage between 1000 V and 30 kV. The term “medium voltage cable” is not clearly defined. To understand what type of cable is needed, we must first look at the location of the application.
Where are medium voltage cables used?
In the power grid, medium voltage cables are used to supply electric energy to an area. Although they are an integral part of the network, medium voltage cables are not used in national power exchanges because they maintain the voltage level between the high voltage network and the house installation.
Larger consumers of electricity, such as industrial companies, hospitals, large swimming pools, and large radio towers, often run their own medium voltage cables at their substations. Since the traction network is between 15 and 25 kV, a medium voltage line is also in use.
Large systems such as cranes or transportation systems also require medium voltage cables for power supply due to increased energy requirements. For these large systems, the voltage must be increased so that lower currents can be carried in the same cable, which means that the nominal conductor cross-section can be reduced.
However, these types of applications require the transmission of energy through moving parts, unlike permanently installed power grids. Therefore, flexible cables and carriers that can be transported over long distances are essential, as medium voltage cables in these applications must be designed to handle constant displacement.
There are different types of wires and cables, each designed and manufactured for a specific application, there is an important difference between wire and cable. It is the number of sheaths used in it, since a wire has only one sheath, while a cable consists of two or more sheaths, the cable is designed according to the needs and existing conditions. For example, for cables used underground, PVC core and jacket are used.A cable is a set of two or more wires, each protected by an outer layer, and the set of wires is protected by a final thick outer layer called insulation. Cables can be made functionally flexible to be easily installed and used anywhere. Some cables are dry and are only used for routes that do not require any flexibility.
Now that you know a little about the real power of high voltage cables in the cable definition, it is easy to explain their structure and function. High voltage cables are always used for special purposes, such as power transmission in power plants and substations, and are not at all for ordinary and private use. Below are the special features of this type of cable.
High voltage cables have special properties to work with a specific board or boards.
These cables can be controlled remotely or manually from the control room.
The smallest seam or gap between conductors and different insulators in this cable can be very dangerous.
Depending on the voltage of the high voltage cable, additional layers may be considered to cover the insulation of this cable and control the electric field of its conductors.
These cables are used for voltages of 36 kV and above.
In terms of what a cable is, another type of power cable is the medium voltage cable. Such cables are commonly used in mobile power plant equipment, mine installation, industrial environment, power supply, transportation system power supply and more. This concept of voltage is added to the electrical system as the voltage level increases.
Probably the biggest difference between low and medium voltage cables is their construction. Most medium voltage cables provide some degree of protection against potential stress buildup anywhere on the cable. So when we talk about cable types, we need to understand the difference between different cables. These cables carry voltage up to 1000 volts.
This cable is used in industrial electrical installations, including public industries and infrastructure. Like other examples, this cable consists of an aluminum or copper conductor, a conductor shield and an insulation shield.
When we say what a cable is and what type it is, low pressure cables are also considered one of the applicable categories in the electrical industry. A low voltage cable is a cable that covers up to 750 volts.
Low voltage cables are used for various purposes including switchboards, industrial installations, reinforcement cables for installations at risk of mechanical attack and mobile service installations. The following points can be mentioned in weak pressure cables.
Armored cables: Armored cables are used for hazardous installations and protection against rodents and environmental damage.
Rubber cables: These cables are used in various installations, especially welding cables.
Halogen-free cables: Halogen-free cables are very safe for the release of corrosive gases due to fire and are mostly used in public places.
Fire-resistant cables: This series of cables are specially designed for fire and the heat generated by it, and in this case, they have high resistance.
Control cables: Low voltage control cables are cables that send signals for control to fixed and mobile devices.
Utility cables: These cables are used to transmit signals without interference in industrial equipment and facilities.
Solar cable: This type of cable is resistant to sunlight and heat.
Special cables: These cables are produced for special applications such as cleaning systems, lighting systems, aquariums and fountains.
Aluminum cables: These cables are used to transmit electricity inside, outside and even underground.
Medium voltage wire for electric tools
The pressure voltage has a significant effect on the wire and finally puts pressure on the electrical tool. Medium voltage power tools are basically the equipment that we use at home. Cables are divided into different categories according to their type. The cable consists of different components, each of which has its own material. These components include electrical conductors or conductors, insulators, some auxiliary elements found in special-purpose cables, and outer sheaths.
Types of cable conductors
The conductor is the conductive part of the cable that carries the current. Cable conductors are always made of two alloys, copper or aluminum, with copper being the most commonly used, although aluminum is cheaper. Cable conductors come in two forms: single-conductor cables and multi-conductor cables.
Cable insulation type
In this part of the topic of what is a cable, it is time to check the types of cable insulation. Cable insulation can be made of thermoplastic materials.
Medium voltage wire for electric tools
Some of the most common materials include PVC, polyethylene, and polyurethane. Thermal insulators are another type of electrical insulators, the most common of which are natural rubber, ethylene propylene, ethyl vinyl acetate, cross-linked polyethylene, silicone and neoprene.
Various auxiliary elements
The auxiliary element of the cable can be used in two different ways, either as armor or as signal protection. The armored cable has a mechanical screen that protects the cable from possible impacts. There are other types of cables that prevent signal interference from entering and exiting the cable.
Outer sheath type
The outer sheath is basically the primary insulation of the cable that is visible to the naked eye. This part of the cable includes all the parts we mentioned earlier. Outer jackets are made from various materials including PVC, thermoplastic polyolefins and chlorine polymers.
Cable type based on wire type and number of wires
As mentioned earlier, a cable, unlike a wire, consists of one or more wires. They also have internal and external insulation. Wires used in cables are produced in different ways. Spray, semi-spray and wired. This part of the cable is basically the cable conductor that carries the current.
If the quality of the wire is not up to standard, it may not transmit power or data properly. The cable has a specific number of wires, and the higher the voltage of the cable, the fewer the number of wires. For example, high voltage cables have 1 to 3 wires, while low voltage cables consist of 1 to 5 wires.
Single strand cable
A single-core cable is like a single-core wire. The difference is that this cable is used instead of wire in an environment where the risk of physical damage is high. Multi-conductor cable is very efficient and since it has different strands, it can be used for several projects. The environment in which this cable is used should have less physical and mechanical stress.
Cable
The front of the wire or cable is a type of wire. This product is called dry cable because of its efficiency. The reason for this name is the inflexibility of this cable, because its wires are made of only one wire.
Wire and cable is an industrial wire and cable that is widely used in industrial engineering. This cable consists of several wires and has little flexibility, but currently transmits very high power.
ground wire
Ground cables are one of the types of cables that are related to both construction cables and industrial applications. Due to the high protection of these cables, they can be used in different environments such as wet, high humidity, dry or inside concrete. Of course, to take care of these cables, they should not be used directly in dense concrete or underground.
Protective cable
Armored and shielded cables are cables that have an additional protective layer inside. Armored cables, also known as shielded cables, use an extra layer inside to protect them from physical damage.
Depending on the application of the cable, the material of this layer is aluminum, steel or galvanized. In addition, shielded cables have shields that protect data and noise. This cable is used to transfer information in systems and networks.
Control cable
Among the types of wires and cables used in the industry, we can mention command cables, which are used to transmit analog and digital information. In addition, the instrument cable is also an industrial wire and cable that is used in the industry for data transmission and measurement and control.
Semi-dispersed cable
As the name of this cable suggests, it is between two types of cable and wire and has a special flexibility. When they have to use a cable with some flexibility, of course, they use a cable that is equipped with a cable switch.
Medium voltage cable for electric tools
Electric tools with medium voltage cables are mainly used for domestic houses. The materials used in the cables are very important to carry the voltage. Perhaps more important than the amount of tension and materials used is the use of the cable itself. Which cable is rated for which use is a key consideration. Before introducing cables based on application, it is necessary to explain that cables are divided into two categories.
Examples of power transmission, in this article we discuss their details and data transmission cables. Below we explain each of these cables separately.
Coax cable
Coaxial cable is a cable that is used to transmit video, audio and video information. Simply put, coaxial cables carry electrical signals in color televisions. Of course, these cables are also used in computer networks, instrumentation equipment, CCTV systems and remote control systems. Some of the coaxial cables include the following.
Coaxial cable with hard wire
Three-axis coaxial cable
Coaxial cable with hard wire
Coaxial cable radiation
Cable
This type of cable also acts as a modem or internet cable to transfer certain information and data from the source to the destination. These cables are used to store information between networks, routers and computers. There are two kinds of shielded and unshielded network cables. Among these cables, there are the following types.
CAT5 network cable
CAT5e network cable
CAT6 network cable
CAT6A network cable
CAT7 network cable
CAT8 network cable
phone line
Telephone cables are telecommunication cables that are responsible for transmitting audio data. These cables are used both in the air and on the ground, each of which has its own advantages. Telephone lines consist of 2 to 200 pairs designed to reduce noise and branching. The telephone line will include the following elements.
Anti-noise phone line
Mehda phone line
Fiber optic phone line
Phone line with jangjie wire
Self-retaining cables
A self-supporting cable is a cable designed to be installed on power poles. This type of cable is made of aluminum conductors and polyethylene insulation in the form of a cross link or network. These cables are used to supply and distribute electricity in airlines. These cables are produced in different forms, including the following.
Weak pressure with aluminum rod and steel bevel
Steel core aluminum pick
Weak pressure with zero aluminum alloy and messenger
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